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Ingxoxo yethiyori kuvavanyo lokuzinza kwe-aerosol eyenziwe yi-Arrhenius formula

Ingxoxo yethiyori kuvavanyo lokuzinza kwe-aerosol eyenziwe yi-Arrhenius formula

Inkqubo eyimfuneko ukuze imveliso yethu ye-aerosol iqaliswe kukwenza uvavanyo lozinzo, kodwa siya kufumanisa ukuba nangona uvavanyo lozinzo ludlulile, kusekho amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuvuza kokuvuza kwemveliso enkulu, okanye iingxaki zomgangatho wemveliso.Ke ngaba kusenentsingiselo kuthi ukwenza uvavanyo lozinzo?
Sidla ngokuthetha malunga ne-50℃ iinyanga ezintathu zovavanyo lozinzo ilingana neminyaka emibini yomjikelo wovavanyo lwethiyori kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, ke livela phi ixabiso lethiyori?Ifomula ephawulekayo kufuneka ikhankanywe apha: ifomula ye-Arrhenius.I-Arrhenius equation ligama lekhemikhali.Yifomula yobungqina bobudlelwane phakathi komlinganiselo wokuguquguquka kweekhemikhali kunye nobushushu.Uqheliselo oluninzi lubonisa ukuba le fomyula ayisebenzi kuphela kwimpendulo yegesi, ukusabela kwesigaba solwelo kunye noninzi lwe-multiphase catalytic reaction.
Ukubhalwa kwefomula (exponential)

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I-K yisantya esingaguqukiyo, i-R yigesi ye-molar engaguqukiyo, i-T yiqondo lokushisa kwe-thermodynamic, i-Ea yi-activation yamandla abonakalayo, kwaye i-A yi-pre-exponential factor (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-frequency factor).

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ifomula ye-Arrhenius ye-empirical ithatha ukuba amandla okwenza i-ea isebenze ithathwa njengento ehlala ihleli ezimeleyo kubushushu, ehambelana neziphumo zovavanyo phakathi koluhlu oluthile lobushushu.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoluhlu olubanzi lobushushu okanye ukuphendula okuntsonkothileyo, i-LNK kunye ne-1/T ayingomgca othe ngqo olungileyo.Ibonisa ukuba amandla okuvula anxulumene nobushushu kwaye i-Arrhenius empirical formula ayisebenzi kwezinye iimpendulo ezinzima.

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Ngaba sisenako ukulandela ifomula ye-Arrhenius yobungqina kwii-aerosols?Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, uninzi lwazo lulandelwa, ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbalwa, ezinikezelweyo, ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba "i-activation energy Ea" yemveliso ye-aerosol yinto ezinzileyo ezimeleyo kwiqondo lokushisa.
Ngokutsho kwe-Arrhenius equation, izinto zayo ezinempembelelo yeekhemikhali ziquka le miba ilandelayo:
(1) Uxinzelelo: kwiikhemikhali ezibandakanya igesi, xa ezinye iimeko zihlala zingatshintshi (ngaphandle komthamo), ukwandisa uxinzelelo, oko kukuthi, umthamo uyancipha, ukuxinwa kwee-reactants kuyanda, inani leemolekyuli ezisebenzayo kwiyunithi nganye kwandisa umthamo. ukungqubana okusebenzayo ngexesha leyunithi nganye kuyanda, kwaye izinga lokusabela liyakhawuleza;Ngaphandle koko, iyancipha.Ukuba umthamo uhleli, izinga lokuphendula lihlala lihlala liphantsi koxinzelelo (ngokongeza igesi engathathi nxaxheba kwi-chemical reaction).Ngenxa yokuba ugxininiso alutshintshi, inani leemolekyuli ezisebenzayo ngomthamo ngamnye alitshintshi.Kodwa kwivolumu eqhubekayo, ukuba ungeze i-reactants, kwakhona, usebenzisa uxinzelelo, kwaye ukhulise ukuxinwa kwee-reactants, unyusa izinga.
(2) Iqondo lobushushu: logama nje iqondo lobushushu linyusiwe, iimolekyuli eziphendulayo zifumana amandla, ukuze inxalenye yeamolekyuli zamandla aphantsi zibe ziimolekyuli ezisebenzayo, zinyusa ipesenti yeemolekyuli ezisebenzayo, zinyusa inani lokungqubana okusebenzayo, ukuze impendulo isebenze. ukunyuka kwezinga (esona sizathu siphambili).Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngenxa yokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, isantya sokuhamba kweemolekyuli sikhawuleza, kwaye inani lee-molecular collisions ze-reactants ngexesha leyunithi liyenyuka, kwaye ukusabela kuya kukhawuleziswa ngokufanelekileyo (isizathu sesibini).
3I-negative catalyst ichasene.
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Imiba yemichiza evela kule miba mine ingasentla inokuchaza kakuhle ukuhlelwa kwethu kweesayithi zomhlwa (isigaba segesi, i-corrosion yesigaba solwelo kunye ne-interface corrosion):
I-1) Kwi-corrosion yesigaba segesi, nangona umthamo uhlala ungatshintshi, uxinzelelo luyanda.Njengoko iqondo lokushisa liphakama, ukusebenza komoya (i-oksijeni), amanzi kunye ne-propellant yanda, kwaye inani lokungqubana landa, ngoko ke i-corrosion yesigaba segesi iqiniswa.Ke ngoko, ukukhethwa kwe-gas-based rust inhibitor efanelekileyo esekelwe emanzini kubaluleke kakhulu
2) ulwelo kwisigaba umhlwa, ngenxa ukusebenza yoxinaniso olwandisiweyo, ezinye ukungcola unako (ezifana ion hydrogen, njl.) kwikhonkco buthathaka kunye nokupakishwa imathiriyeli olukhawulezileyo ukungqubana eziveliswe umhlwa, ngoko ke ukhetho lwesigaba ulwelo arhente antirust kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngononophelo. idityaniswe ne-pH kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada.
3) I-Interface corrosion, idibaniswe noxinzelelo, i-activation catalysis, umoya (ioksijini), amanzi, i-propellant, ukungcola (okufana ne-hydrogen ion, njl. njl.) ukusabela okubanzi, okubangelwa ukubola kwe-interface, ukuzinza kunye noyilo lwenkqubo yefomyula kubaluleke kakhulu. .

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Buyela kumbuzo wangaphambili, kutheni ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lozinzo lusebenza, kodwa kusekho i-anomaly xa kuziwa kwimveliso yobuninzi?Qwalasela oku kulandelayo:
1: uyilo lozinzo lwenkqubo yefomula, njengotshintsho lwe-P, ukuzinza kwe-emulsification, uzinzo lokugcwala kunye nokunye.
2: ukungcola kwimathiriyeli ekrwada kukho, njengotshintsho kwi-ion ye-hydrogen kunye ne-chloride ion
3: uzinzo lwebhetshi yezinto ezikrwada, ph phakathi kweebhetshi zemathiriyeli ekrwada, ubungakanani bokutenxa komxholo njalo njalo
4: ukuzinza kweetoti ze-aerosol kunye neevalvu kunye nezinye izinto zokupakisha, ukuzinza kobunzima be-tin plating layer, ukutshintshwa kwezinto eziluhlaza okubangelwa ukunyuka kwexabiso lezinto eziluhlaza.
5: Hlalutya ngononophelo yonke i-anomaly kuvavanyo lozinzo, nokuba lutshintsho oluncinci, yenza isigwebo esifanelekileyo ngokuthelekisa ngokuthe tye, i-microscopic amplification kunye nezinye iindlela (esi sesona khono sinqongopheleyo kwishishini le-aerosol yasekhaya ngoku)
Ngoko ke, ukuzinza komgangatho wemveliso kubandakanya yonke imiba, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuba nenkqubo esemgangathweni epheleleyo yokulawula i-port ye-port chain (kubandakanywa nemigangatho yokuthengwa kwempahla, uphando kunye nemigangatho yophuhliso, imigangatho yokuhlola, imigangatho yemveliso, njl.) ukuhlangabezana nomgangatho womgangatho iqhinga, ukuze kuqinisekiswe uzinzo lokugqibela kunye nokuhambelana kweemveliso zethu.
Ngelishwa, into esifuna ukwabelana ngayo ngoku kukuba uvavanyo lokuzinza alukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki ekuvavanyeni ukuzinza, kwaye ukuveliswa kobuninzi akufanele kube neengxaki.Ukudibanisa ingqwalasela engentla kunye novavanyo lokuzinza kwemveliso nganye, sinokuthintela uninzi lweengozi ezifihliweyo.Kusekho ezinye iingxaki ezilindele ukuba siphonononge, sifumanise kwaye sizisombulule.Enye yezinto ezinomtsalane kwii-aerosols kukuba abantu abaninzi kulindeleke ukuba basombulule iimfihlakalo ezingakumbi.


Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-23-2022
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